11 Tiatro Popular Mirandés – Ls Quelóquios / Mirandese popular theatre

L tiatro popular mirandés – ou quelóquios mirandeses – ye ua repersentaçon popular que se fai na Tierra de Miranda. Esta culidade de tiatro ye mui simples i singela, dependendo l mais de las bezes de la graça ou angeinho de las pessonas que l fáien i que son siempre gente de ls lhugares. Ls quelóquios fazien-se para la gente de l lhugar i de ls lhugares bezinos. Ls testos son mui amportantes porque ls atores muita beç se lhemítan a “dezir” la sue parte.Habie quelóquios cun testos religiosos (cumo tal, cuontas de la Biblia) i outros de calatriç profano. La figura mais amportante an todos ls quelóquios era l Tonto (ou Gracioso), que nun fazie parte de l anredo, mas fazie ls apartes i las partes de risa.

The Mirandese popular theatre (quelóquios mirandeses) refers to the popular performances that are particular to the Land of Miranda. This kind of theatre is usually quite simple, and it relies mostly on the sense of humour and wit of the people who take place. The performances take place in the streets of the villages and the actors are always people from the same village or a neighbouring one. The scripts are very important because the actors often recite the phrases rather than acte them out.

Some quelóquios are religious (usually retelling parts of the Bible) and some are profane. The characters are archetypical and the most important of all of them is the Tonto (the Fool), who isn’t part of the plot but makes everyone laugh throughout the perfermance.

Las lhénguas de ls quelóquios mirandeses son l fidalgo (pertués), l spanhol i l mirandés. L que mais hai ye pertués; l spanhol aparece na boca de ls pastores; l mirandés aparece quaije solo na boca de l Tonto, para fazer rir. Mas l Tonto ancarna tamien cumo que un alter-ego coletibo, ajuizando, botando santenças i dando boç al pobo anónimo que assi se podie bingar simbolicamente de todo l que sufrie.La queston de la lhéngua tamien ten muito que ber cul “regrador” (la pessona que screbie – ou muita beç copiaba ou adaptaba ls testos – “cascos” an mirandés). Cumo essas pessonas nun tenien muita scola, querien parecer que “screbien bien” i muita beç arrecantában l mirandés para l Tonto ou situaçones de fazer rir, cun palabras ou spressones mais çfrentes de l “fidalgo”, para cousas “mais sérias”.

The quelóquios make use of all three languages of the region; Portuguese, Spanish and Mirandese. Portuguese is used by most of the characters, Spanish is used only by the shepherds, and Mirandese is only spoken by the Fool, to make the audience laugh. But the Fool doesn’t just tell jokes, it gives voice to the audience as a collective, making powerful statements and calling out their hardships.

The influence of the regrador (the playwright or, sometimes, the person who arranged or copied the scripts) can also be seen in how Mirandese, Portuguese and Spanish are used in these performances. The traditional playwrights didn’t have a high level of education so, when they wanted to “show off” their skills, they came up with all sorts of way of refining Mirandese, and used language creatively to make it sound as different as possible from Portuguese.

 

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Mirandese Copyright © by Alfredo Cameirão and Gema Zamora. All Rights Reserved.

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